โรคความดันโลหิตต่ำเกิดจากอะไร

โรคความดันโลหิตต่ำ (Hypotension) คือภาวะความดันของเลือดต่ำกว่ามาตรฐาน โดยทั่วไปโรคความดันโลหิตต่ำนั้น จะเกิดขึ้นกับผู้ที่มีความดันเลือดต่ำกว่า 90/60 มิลลิเมตรปรอท ซึ่งพบมากในสตรีและผู้สูงอายุ ตลอดจนคนที่มีประวัติคนในครอบครัวเป็นโรคความดันต่ำ โดยที่โรคนี้มักจะไม่ค่อยแสดงอาการ เป็นภัยเงียบที่อันตรายมากอีกประเภทหนึ่ง
โรคความดันโลหิตต่ำเกิดจากอะไร
โรคความดันต่ำ เกิดขึ้นได้จากหลายสาเหตุ เช่น เป็นโรคหัวใจ ฮอร์โมนในร่างกายแปรปรวน มีเลือดน้อย ภาวะโลหิตจาง ประสาทอัตโนมัติไม่อยู่ในสมดุล เกิดมาการแพ้ยา ผู้ป่วยที่เป็นโรคเรื้อรัง ติดเชื้อรุนแรงในกระแสโลหิต และร่างกายมีภาวะขาดน้ำอย่างรุนแรง เป็นต้น
โรคความดันโลหิตต่ำมีอาการอย่างไร
โรคความดันโลหิตต่ำมีอาการที่ไม่ชัดเจนนัก บางรายแทบไม่แสดงอาการเลย แต่อาการทั่วไปที่สังเกตุพบได้คือ มีอาการหน้ามืดบ่อยๆ วิงเวียนและมึนศีรษะ เวลาลุกนั่งเกิดอาการโคลงเคลง ชีพจรเบาแต่เต้นเร็ว มีอาการใจหวิวใจสั่น หูอื้อ เหนื่อยง่ายไม่มีแรง มือเท้าเย็นและมีเหงื่อออกมาก หมดสติเมื่อความดันโลหิตต่ำมาก
วิธีการรักษาโรคความดันโลหิตต่ำ
การรักษาโรคความดันโลหิตต่ำที่นิยมทำคือการเพิ่มความดันโลหิตให้กลับมาอยู่ ในระดับปกติตามสาเหตุ เช่นการให้น้ำเกลือทางหลอดเลือดดำเมื่ออาการเกิดจากภาวะขาดน้ำ การให้เลือดเมื่อเสียเลือดมาก บางรายต้องให้ยาเพิ่มความดันโลหิต เป็นต้น นอกจากนี้ยังมีหลักการปฏิบัติตนเมื่ออยู่ในภาวะความดันโลหิตต่ำ คือ การวัดความดันอย่างสม่ำเสมอ การรับประทานยาตามแพทย์สั่ง การออกกำลังกายอย่างถูกต้องและสม่ำเสมอ ไม่อยู่ในสภาพแวดล้อมที่อากาศร้อนอบอ้าวนานเกินไป หลีกเลี่ยงการยืนนานๆหรือเปลี่ยนอิริยาบทอย่างรวดเร็วเกินไป การพักผ่อนให้เพียงพอ เป็นต้น
จะเห็นว่าโรคความดันโลหิตต่ำไม่ใช่โรคไกลตัวเลย แต่เราก็สามารถอยู่กับมันได้อย่างมีความสุขถ้าเราปฏิบัติตนได้อย่างถูกต้อง

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